Work Performance Questionnaire – Baseline

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Work Performance Questionnaire – Baseline

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About Work Performance Questionnaire – Baseline

Scale Name

Work Performance Questionnaire – Baseline

Author Details

World Health Organization (Developed under the leadership of Ronald C. Kessler and collaborators)

Translation Availability

English

Background/Description

The Work Performance Questionnaire – Baseline (WPQ-B), copyrighted by the World Health Organization in 2002, is a foundational component of the broader Health and Work Performance Questionnaire (HPQ) initiative. Developed under the guidance of Ronald C. Kessler and a team of experts, this self-report instrument was designed to estimate the workplace costs of health problems by assessing their impact on job performance, absenteeism, and work-related incidents.

The WPQ-B serves as a baseline measure, capturing an employee’s typical work performance and health-related productivity before specific interventions or longitudinal tracking. Its creation stemmed from a need to provide employers with quantifiable data to evaluate the indirect costs of illness and the return on investment in employee health programs.

Administration, Scoring and Interpretation

  • Obtain the copy: Access the WPQ-B through the World Health Organization’s HPQ resources or authorized distributors, such as Harvard Medical School’s HPQ Initiative website, ensuring compliance with copyright and ethical use standards.
  • Explain the purpose: Inform participants that the questionnaire measures baseline work performance and health-related productivity to assess how well-being influences job outcomes, aiding in workplace health strategies.
  • Provide instructions: Direct participants to answer each item honestly based on their typical work experience over the past 28 days (or specified recall period), using the provided response scales, and clarify that confidentiality is maintained.
  • Approximate time: Allow approximately 10-15 minutes for completion, depending on the version used and the participant’s familiarity with self-report formats.
  • Administer the scale: Distribute the WPQ-B in a private, distraction-free setting—via paper, online, or telephone interview—ensuring participants feel comfortable providing accurate responses.

Reliability and Validity

The Work Performance Questionnaire – Baseline, as part of the HPQ framework, boasts strong psychometric properties validated across diverse occupational groups. Reliability is evidenced by high test-retest consistency, with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) ranging from 0.80 to 0.89 for absenteeism and presenteeism measures, as demonstrated in calibration studies with airline reservation agents, customer service representatives, executives, and railroad engineers. Internal consistency is also robust, with Cronbach’s alpha values typically exceeding 0.85 for key subscales.

Validity is well-established through extensive research. Concurrent validity is supported by strong correlations (r = 0.70-0.85) between WPQ-B self-reports and archival employer records of absenteeism and performance, as shown in Kessler et al. (2003). Construct validity is affirmed by its ability to detect productivity losses associated with specific health conditions, such as depression or chronic pain, aligning with clinical measures like the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6). The tool’s sensitivity to change further enhances its utility as a baseline measure for tracking intervention effects, making it a reliable and valid choice for occupational health research and practice.

Available Versions

Multiple-Items

Reference

Kessler, R. C., Barber, C., Beck, A., Berglund, P., Cleary, P. D., McKenas, D., … & Wang, P. (2003). The world health organization health and work performance questionnaire (HPQ). Journal of occupational and environmental medicine45(2), 156-174.

Important Link

Scale File:

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the Work Performance Questionnaire – Baseline used for?
It measures baseline work performance and health-related productivity losses in employees.

Who developed the WPQ-B?
It was developed by the World Health Organization, led by Ronald C. Kessler and collaborators.

How long does it take to complete the WPQ-B?
It takes about 10-15 minutes.

What does the WPQ-B measure?
It assesses absenteeism, presenteeism, and health impacts on work performance.

Is the WPQ-B reliable?
Yes, it has high reliability (ICC = 0.80-0.89) and validity across occupations.

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