Psychology RootsTable of Contents
Standard Progressive Matrices (SPM)
Here in this post, we are sharing the “Standard Progressive Matrices (SPM)”. You can read psychometric and Author information. We have thousands of Scales and questionnaires in our collection (See Scales and Questionnaires). You can demand us any scale and questionnaires related to psychology through our community, and we will provide you with a short time. Keep visiting Psychology Roots.
About Standard Progressive Matrices (SPM)
Scale Name
Standard Progressive Matrices (SPM)
Author Details
John C. Raven
Translation Availability
Many
Background/Description
The Standard Progressive Matrices (SPM) is a non-verbal intelligence test developed by John C. Raven in 1938. It is designed to assess an individual’s reasoning ability and general cognitive functioning. The test focuses on measuring abstract reasoning and problem-solving skills independent of language, cultural, or educational backgrounds, making it a widely used tool for cross-cultural intelligence testing.
The test consists of a series of patterns or matrices with a missing piece. Participants are required to select the correct piece from multiple options to complete the matrix. The difficulty of the matrices increases progressively as the test advances. This systematic increase in difficulty helps to assess a range of cognitive abilities.
The SPM is used in various contexts, including educational, clinical, occupational, and research settings. It provides insights into fluid intelligence, the ability to think logically and solve novel problems without relying on acquired knowledge.
Administration, Scoring and Interpretation
- Administer the test in a quiet and distraction-free environment.
- Provide the participant with clear instructions before starting.
- The test typically consists of 60 items divided into 5 sets (A to E), each containing 12 items.
- Allow sufficient time for the participant to complete the test, though it is usually untimed.
- Score the test by counting the number of correct responses.
- Compare the results to normative data to interpret the participant’s cognitive ability.
Reliability and Validity
- Reliability: The SPM has demonstrated high internal consistency and test-retest reliability across various populations.
- Validity: The test has strong construct validity, making it a reliable measure of fluid intelligence. It is widely accepted for its cultural fairness and non-verbal nature.
Available Versions
Multiple-Items
Reference
Bingham, W. C., Burke, H. R., & Murray, S. (1966). Raven’s Progressive Matrices: construct validity. The Journal of Psychology, 62(2), 205-209.
Raven, J. C. (1938). Progressive Matrices: A perceptual test of intelligence. London: H.K. Lewis.
Raven, J. C., & John Hugh Court. (1998). Raven’s progressive matrices and vocabulary scales (pp. 223-237). Oxford: Oxford Psychologists Press.
Important Link
Scale File:
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the Standard Progressive Matrices (SPM)?
The SPM is a non-verbal intelligence test that assesses abstract reasoning and problem-solving skills.
Who can take the SPM?
It is suitable for individuals aged 5 years and older, regardless of language, culture, or education.
How is the SPM scored?
Scores are based on the number of correct responses, which are then compared to normative data.
Why is the SPM considered culturally fair?
It relies on non-verbal patterns and logical reasoning, minimizing the influence of language and cultural knowledge.
What is the difference between SPM and other versions, like CPM and APM?
The SPM is the standard version, while the Coloured Progressive Matrices (CPM) is designed for younger children and the Advanced Progressive Matrices (APM) is for individuals with above-average intelligence.
Disclaimer
Please note that Psychology Roots does not have the right to grant permission for the use of any psychological scales or assessments listed on its website. To use any scale or assessment, you must obtain permission directly from the author or translator of the tool. Psychology Roots provides information about various tools and their administration procedures, but it is your responsibility to obtain proper permissions before using any scale or assessment. If you need further information about an author’s contact details, please submit a query to the Psychology Roots team.
Help Us Improve This Article
Have you discovered an inaccuracy? We put out great effort to give accurate and scientifically trustworthy information to our readers. Please notify us if you discover any typographical or grammatical errors.
Make a comment. We acknowledge and appreciate your efforts.
Share With Us
If you have any scale or any material related to psychology kindly share it with us at psychologyroots@gmail.com. We help others on behalf of you.
