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Silver Lining Questionnaire
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About Silver Lining Questionnaire
Scale Name
Silver Lining Questionnaire
Author Details
Samantha C. Sodergren and Michael E. Hyland (michael.hyland@plymouth.ac.uk)
Translation Availability
Not Sure
Background/Description
The concept of adversarial growth, also known as post-traumatic growth, describes the positive psychological changes that can occur in the aftermath of a challenging or stressful life event. While adversity often leads to negative consequences, it can also be a catalyst for personal growth and transformation. The Silver Lining Questionnaire (SLQ) is a self-report measure designed to assess the extent to which individuals experience adversarial growth in response to illness.
The SLQ, developed by Sodergren and Hyland (1997), is a 38-item questionnaire that measures individuals’ beliefs about the positive aspects of coping with illness. The items are rated on a 6-point Likert scale, ranging from 1 (Strongly Disagree) to 6 (Strongly Agree). The SLQ assesses 10 dimensions of adversarial growth, including:
- Appreciation for life: Increased gratitude and appreciation for the simple things in life.
- Personal strength: Greater sense of inner strength, resilience, and coping abilities.
- Relationships: Improved relationships with family, friends, and loved ones.
- New possibilities: Discovery of new interests, goals, and opportunities for personal growth.
- Spiritual growth: Deepened spiritual or religious beliefs.
- Life philosophy: Changed perspective on life, values, and priorities.
- Meaning and purpose: Stronger sense of meaning and purpose in life.
- Helping others: Desire to help others who are facing similar challenges.
- Acceptance: Greater acceptance of life’s challenges and limitations.
- Positive change: Belief that the illness has led to positive personal change.
Administration, Scoring and Interpretation
Informed Consent: Obtain informed consent from participants before administering the SLQ. Provide participants with an explanation of the purpose of the questionnaire and the confidentiality of their responses. Ensure participants understand their right to withdraw from the study at any time.
Administration Instructions: Provide clear and concise instructions to participants. Ask participants to read each statement carefully and rate their level of agreement or disagreement on a 6-point Likert scale. Encourage participants to answer all questions honestly.
Timing: The SLQ typically takes about 10-15 minutes to complete. Allow participants ample time to complete the questionnaire without feeling rushed.
Scoring: Score the SLQ by summing the scores for all 38 items. Higher scores on the SLQ indicate a greater belief in the positive aspects of coping with illness.
Reliability and Validity
The Silver Lining Questionnaire (SLQ) is a self-report measure that has been shown to have good reliability and validity.
Reliability refers to the consistency of a measure across repeated administrations. The SLQ has high internal consistency, meaning that the items on the questionnaire are highly interrelated and measure the same underlying construct (adversarial growth) well. The SLQ also has high test-retest reliability, meaning that scores on the questionnaire are stable over time.
Validity refers to the extent to which a measure accurately assesses what it is intended to measure. The SLQ has been shown to converge with other measures of well-being, quality of life, and coping, supporting its validity in assessing adversarial growth. The SLQ has also been shown to have a consistent factor structure across diverse populations, indicating the stability of its underlying dimensions.
Available Versions
38-Items
Reference
Sodergren, S. C. & Hyland, M. E. (1997). Qualitative phase in the development of the Silver Lining Questionnaire. Quality of Life Research, 6, (7-8), 365.
Sodergren, S. C., & Hyland, M. E. (2000). What are the positive consequences of illness? Psychology and Health, 15, 85-97.
Sodergren, S. C., Hyland, M. E., Singh, S. J., & Sewell, L. (2002). The effect of rehabilitation on positive interpretations of illness. Psychology and Health; 17, 753-760.
Sodergren, S. C., Hyland, M. E., Crawford, A., Partridge, M. R. (2004). Positivitiy in illness: self-delusion or existential growth? British Journal of Health Psychology, 9, 163-174.
Hyland, M. E., Sodergren, S. C., & Lewith, G. T. (in press). The role of positivity in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). Journal of Health Psychology.
Important Link
Scale File:
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the Silver Lining Questionnaire (SLQ)?
The Silver Lining Questionnaire (SLQ) is a self-report measure that assesses the extent to which individuals believe their illness has had a positive impact on their life.
How is the Silver Lining Questionnaire scored?
The SLQ is scored by summing the scores for all 38 items. Higher scores on the SLQ indicate a greater belief in the positive aspects of coping with illness.
What are the psychometric properties of the Silver Lining Questionnaire?
The SLQ has been shown to have strong psychometric properties, including high internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and convergent and discriminant validity.
How is the SLQ used?
The SLQ has been used in a variety of research studies to investigate the relationship between adversarial growth and a number of outcomes, including quality of life, psychological well-being, social functioning, and physical health. The SLQ has also been used in clinical settings to assess individuals’ experiences of adversarial growth and inform treatment planning.
What are the benefits of using the SLQ?
The SLQ is a valuable tool for assessing the positive aspects of coping with illness. It has been shown to be a reliable and valid measure and has been used in a variety of research studies to investigate the relationship between adversarial growth and a number of outcomes. By understanding the positive aspects of coping with illness, we can better support individuals in their journey towards healing and personal growth.
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