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Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire
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About Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire
Scale Name
Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire
Author Details
Clyde C. Robinson, Barbara L. Mandleco, Susanne F. Olsen, Craig H. Hart
Translation Availability
Background/Description
The Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire (PSDQ), developed by Robinson, Mandelco, Olsen, and Hart in 1995, is a valuable tool designed to assess various parental responses to child behavior. Its primary objective is to categorize parenting styles within the framework proposed by Baumrind in 1989, which includes authoritarian, authoritative, and permissive styles.
This questionnaire is versatile, suitable for completion by both mothers and fathers of school-age children. It allows each parent to evaluate their own parenting style, as well as that of their spouse, if applicable. Remarkably, the PSDQ is constructed in such a way that it accommodates parents with a reading level as basic as the fourth grade (C. Robinson, personal communication, October 12, 2003). This article aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the PSDQ, including its scoring methodology and significance in parenting research.
The PSDQ utilizes a scoring key to categorize parents into one of three distinct parenting styles. Through this key, an average score is derived for each parenting style category, serving as the basis for determining the parent’s specific style. For instance, the authoritarian parenting style section comprises fifteen items, resulting in a mean score of seventy-five.
Conversely, the authoritative style section consists of twelve items, yielding means ranging from twelve to sixty. Meanwhile, the permissive style section comprises five items with mean scores spanning from five to twenty-five. The parenting style with the highest mean score effectively identifies the predominant style for a particular parent (Robinson et al., 1995).
Administration, Scoring and Interpretation
- Administer the PSDQ in a quiet and private location.
- Provide participants with enough time to complete the questionnaire.
- Instruct participants to answer all of the items honestly and to the best of their ability.
- If participants have any questions about the questionnaire, the administrator should provide clarification.
- Once participants have completed the questionnaire, the administrator should thank them for their participation.
Reliability and Validity
To ensure the credibility and accuracy of the Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire, it is crucial to consider the reliability coefficients. In the case of mothers, the reliability coefficient stands at .68, signifying a reasonably consistent measure. Fathers, on the other hand, exhibit a slightly higher reliability coefficient of .70, reinforcing the questionnaire’s dependability across different parental roles.
Available Versions
64-Items
Reference
McNeilly-Choque, M. K., Hart, C. H., Robinson, C. C., Nelson, L. J., & Olsen, S. F. (1996). Overt and relational aggression on the playground: Correspondence among different informants. Journal of research in childhood education, 11(1), 47-67.
Robinson, C. C., Mandleco, B., Olsen, S. F., & Hart, C. H. (2001). The parenting styles and dimensions questionnaire (PSDQ). Handbook of family measurement techniques, 3, 319-321.
Important Link
Scale File:
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What is the Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire?
A: The PSDQ is a self-report questionnaire that assesses parenting styles based on two dimensions: responsiveness and demandingness. Responsiveness refers to the extent to which parents are warm, supportive, and attuned to their child’s needs. Demandingness refers to the extent to which parents expect their child to conform to rules and standards.
Q: What are the three global parenting styles assessed by the PSDQ?
A: The three global parenting styles assessed by the PSDQ are authoritative, authoritarian, and permissive.
- Authoritative parenting is characterized by high levels of both responsiveness and demandingness. Authoritative parents are warm and supportive, but they also expect their children to behave appropriately.
- Authoritarian parenting is characterized by high demandingness and low responsiveness. Authoritarian parents set high expectations for their children, but they provide little warmth or support.
- Permissive parenting is characterized by low demandingness and high responsiveness. Permissive parents are warm and supportive, but they do not have many rules or expectations for their children.
Q: Is there a “best” parenting style?
A: There is no one “best” parenting style. All three of the global parenting styles can be effective in different situations. However, research has shown that authoritative parenting is associated with the most positive child outcomes.
Q: How reliable and valid is the PSDQ?
A: The PSDQ is a reliable and valid measure of parenting styles. It has been tested and validated in numerous studies, and it has been shown to be accurate in assessing parenting styles in parents of children of all ages.
Q: How can I get a copy of the PSDQ?
A: The PSDQ is available online and in many libraries. You can also purchase a copy of the PSDQ from the publisher, Harcourt Assessment.
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