Parental Control Scale

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Parental Control Scale

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About Parental Control Scale

Scale Name

Parental Control Scale

Author Details

Houston Community Demonstration Project (1993)

Translation Availability

English

Background/Description

The Parental Control Scale, developed by the Houston Community Demonstration Project in 1993, is a self-report questionnaire designed to measure the amount and type of television parents allow their middle school children in grades 6-8 (ages 11-14) to watch, as well as the extent to which parents know their children’s friends and taste in music. Cited in Dahlberg et al. (2005) and referenced in the Houston Community Demonstration Project (1993), the scale assesses parental supervision and involvement in urban settings, aligning with social control theory (Hirschi, 1969) and ecological models (Bronfenbrenner, 1979). It was used to evaluate community-based prevention programs, focusing on how parental oversight influences youth risk behaviors.

The scale comprises 7 items rated on a frequency or extent scale (e.g., 1 = “never” to 4 = “always”), assessing behaviors like “How often do your parents limit the type of TV shows you watch?” or “Do your parents know your friends?” Scores are summed (range: 7-28), with higher scores indicating greater parental involvement and control over television, friends, and music preferences. Validated in urban middle school samples, it is used to identify protective factors and inform family-based interventions.

Public health researchers, educators, and community interventionists use the scale to assess parental supervision, though its moderate internal consistency and unpublished status limit reliability. Its focus on specific parenting practices is a strength, but its English-only availability restricts broader use.

Administration, Scoring and Interpretation

  • Obtain a copy of the scale from authorized sources, such as Dahlberg et al. (2005) Measuring Violence-Related Attitudes, Behaviors, and Influences Among Youths or Houston Community Demonstration Project records, ensuring ethical use permissions.
  • Explain the purpose to respondents, noting that it assesses parental oversight to support positive youth development, emphasizing anonymity and using age-appropriate, non-judgmental language.
  • Provide instructions, asking students to rate the extent of parental control over TV watching, knowledge of friends, and music preferences, using the provided scale.
  • Approximate time for completion is 3-4 minutes, given its 7-item format.
  • Administer in a classroom or research setting, using paper or digital formats, ensuring a private environment. Oral administration is recommended for students with reading difficulties.

Reliability and Validity

The Parental Control Scale demonstrates moderate psychometric properties, as reported in Dahlberg et al. (2005). Internal consistency is acceptable, with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.73, indicating reasonable item cohesion for a 7-item scale. Test-retest reliability is not reported, and stability is uncertain, though inferred to be moderate based on similar parenting measures (r ≈ 0.60-0.80 over weeks).

Convergent validity is inferred from correlations with related constructs, such as reduced delinquency or substance use (r ≈ 0.20-0.40), consistent with social control theory. Discriminant validity is suggested by weaker correlations with unrelated constructs, like academic performance (r < 0.30). Criterion validity is supported by its use in identifying protective parenting practices in prevention studies. Factor analyses are not reported, and construct validity is limited by the moderate alpha. The scale’s reliability supports cautious use, supplemented by validated measures like the Parental Monitoring Scale (Kerr & Stattin, 2000).

Available Versions

10-Items

Reference

Dahlberg, L. L., Toal, S. B., Swahn, M. H., & Behrens, C. B. (2005). Measuring violence-related attitudes, behaviors, and influences among youths: A compendium of assessment tools. Centers for disease control and prevention.

Important Link

Scale File:

Frequently Asked Questions

What does the Parental Control Scale measure?
It measures parental control over TV, knowledge of friends, and music preferences.

Who can use the scale?
Researchers and educators studying middle school students in urban settings.

How long does the scale take to complete?
It takes about 3-4 minutes.

Is the scale specific to certain groups?
It targets grades 6-8 in urban settings.

Can the scale inform interventions?
Yes, but moderate reliability (α = 0.73) requires use with validated measures.

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