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Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire Urdu – Father Form
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About Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire Urdu – Father Form
Scale Name
Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire Urdu – Father Form
Author Details
Farah Malik
Translation Availability
Multiple Languages
Background/Description
The Parental Acceptance-Rejection/Control Questionnaire (PARQ) father form is a self-report instrument designed to assess a child’s perception of their father’s parenting behaviors. It serves as a quantitative measure for understanding the dynamics of the father-child relationship, offering insights into the child’s subjective experience of paternal care, control, and emotional climate.
Rooted in the theoretical framework of parental acceptance-rejection, the PARQ father form is composed of a series of items that tap into specific dimensions of paternal behavior. These dimensions typically include warmth, hostility, rejection, and control. Warmth encompasses behaviors indicative of affection, support, and emotional responsiveness. Conversely, hostility reflects expressions of anger, criticism, and aggression. Rejection pertains to behaviors signaling indifference, neglect, or withdrawal, while control measures the degree of parental regulation and restriction imposed on the child.
Through a structured response format, often a Likert scale, the child is required to rate the frequency or intensity of each item. This quantitative data allows for statistical analysis and comparison across different groups of children. The PARQ father form has demonstrated reliability and validity in various research and clinical contexts, making it a valuable tool for investigating the association between paternal behavior and child outcomes.
It is essential to acknowledge that the PARQ father form is a self-report measure and, as such, is subject to potential biases. Children’s perceptions may be influenced by various factors, including their age, developmental stage, and emotional state. Moreover, the questionnaire may not capture the full complexity of the father-child relationship, as it focuses on specific behavioral dimensions. Therefore, it is recommended to interpret the PARQ data in conjunction with other assessment methods and consider the child’s individual circumstances.
Despite its limitations, the PARQ father form remains a widely used instrument in child development research and clinical practice. It provides valuable insights into children’s experiences with their fathers, contributing to a deeper understanding of the factors shaping child well-being and development.
Administration, Scoring and Interpretation
- Identify target population: Determine the age range and characteristics of the child participants for whom the questionnaire is appropriate.
- Obtain informed consent: Secure written or verbal consent from parents or legal guardians to administer the questionnaire to their child. This process involves explaining the purpose of the study, the child’s involvement, and the confidentiality of the data.
- Prepare materials: Gather necessary materials such as copies of the questionnaire, pencils or pens, and a comfortable setting for administration.
- Establish rapport: Create a comfortable and supportive atmosphere to encourage honest responses from the child.
- Provide clear instructions: Explain the purpose of the questionnaire to the child in simple and age-appropriate language. Emphasize that there are no right or wrong answers and that their honest opinions are valuable.
- Ensure understanding: Verify that the child understands the instructions and the meaning of the response options.
- Maintain confidentiality: Assure the child that their responses will be kept confidential and used only for research or clinical purposes.
- Allow sufficient time: Provide ample time for the child to complete the questionnaire without feeling rushed.
Reliability and Validity
Several studies have examined the reliability of the PARQ Urdu Father Form, with generally positive findings.
- Internal consistency: This refers to the extent to which items within a scale are correlated. Studies have reported acceptable to good Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for the overall scale and its subscales, indicating adequate internal consistency.
- Test-retest reliability: While less commonly reported, some studies have examined the stability of PARQ scores over time. Findings suggest moderate to good test-retest reliability, indicating that scores are relatively stable across different administrations.
Validity of the PARQ Urdu Father Form
Establishing the validity of the PARQ Urdu Father Form is essential to ensure that it accurately measures the construct of paternal acceptance-rejection. Various types of validity evidence have been examined:
- Content validity: This refers to the extent to which the items of the questionnaire adequately represent the construct of paternal acceptance-rejection. Expert panels have generally supported the content validity of the Urdu version.
- Criterion-related validity: This involves correlating scores on the PARQ with other measures of related constructs. Studies have shown significant correlations between PARQ scores and measures of child adjustment, depression, and anxiety, supporting the criterion-related validity of the instrument.
- Construct validity: This refers to the extent to which the questionnaire measures the underlying theoretical construct. Factor analysis studies have generally supported the factor structure of the PARQ Urdu Father Form, providing evidence for its construct validity.
Available Versions
Maltiple-Items
Reference
Rohner, R. P. (2004). The parental” acceptance-rejection syndrome”: universal correlates of perceived rejection. American psychologist, 59(8), 830.
Important Link
Scale File:
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the PARQ Father Form?
A questionnaire that measures a child’s perception of their father’s behavior.
What does the PARQ Father Form measure?
It assesses dimensions like warmth, hostility, rejection, and control in a father’s behavior.
How is the PARQ Father Form administered?
Typically, the child answers questions about their father’s behavior on a rating scale.
What are the benefits of using the PARQ Father Form?
It helps understand the impact of paternal behavior on a child and can be used in research and clinical settings.
Are there limitations to the PARQ Father Form?
Yes, it relies on a child’s perception and may not capture all aspects of the father-child relationship.
Is the PARQ Father Form available in different languages?
Yes, it has been translated into various languages, including Urdu.
How reliable and valid is the PARQ Father Form?
Studies have shown acceptable reliability and validity, but cultural adaptations and respondent characteristics should be considered.
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