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Driving Behaviour Inventory
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About Driving Behaviour Inventory
Scale Name
Driving Behaviour Inventory
Author Details
A. I. Glendon, L. Dorn, G. Matthews, E. Gullian, D. R. Davies, and L. M. Debney
Translation Availability
Not Sure
Background/Description
The Driving Behaviour Inventory (DBI) is a psychological assessment tool designed to evaluate various aspects of driving behavior, including risky driving tendencies, emotional responses while driving, and driving-related stress. Developed by Glendon and colleagues, the DBI is used to study how personality, emotions, and cognitive processes contribute to driving performance and behavior.
Earlier work on the Driving Behaviour Inventory (Gulian et al. 1988, 1989; Matthews et al. 1991) reported on the use of self-report scales to measure dimensions of driver stress. Of the relatively small number of studies that have used self-report instruments to measure cognitive and behavioral dimensions of driving experience, few have specifically addressed the issue of factors comprising driver stress. Thus, outcomes of different studies tend to reflect their varying orientation or focus so that few, if any. common factors emerge. Four studies reported on various aspects of driver behavior are summarized.
This inventory is especially useful in identifying drivers prone to aggressive driving, road rage, and violations of road rules. It also helps understand how factors such as stress, fatigue, and mood influence driving behavior. The DBI consists of several dimensions that measure various facets of driving, such as violations, errors, lapses, and risk-taking behaviors. The insights gained from the DBI can be utilized for both research and applied purposes, such as road safety campaigns and interventions aimed at improving driving habits.
The DBI is frequently employed in road safety research, occupational health, and driving psychology to explore how individual differences in personality and emotions influence risky driving and accident involvement.
However, a specifically stress-linked framework for discussing driver behavior has also emerged. Drawing on work by Glass and Singer (1972), Sherrod (1974) and Turner et al. (1975), Stokols et al. (1978) considered the potential stress of traffic situations and the emotional demands of driving which may result in performance impairment as well as impacting adversely on home and work situations. The main personality variable used was the Type AlType B dimension and, along with independent measures of task performance, 100 urban commuters kept a daily diary for a 5-day period.
Stokols et al. (1978) developed the Driving Habits Questionnaire (DHQ) to measure time-urgent behavior in traffic..Each of the 16 items presents two alternative choices corresponding to the poles of the Type AlB behavior pattern.
Other self-report instruments included measures of mood, attitude to environmental problems, satisfaction with commuting. work and living circumstances, as well as physiological measures such as diastolic blood pressure. The analysis revealed traffic congestion to be an environmental stressor that increased annoyance in relation to time and commuting distance, while routine exposure to traffic congestion was associated with increased physiological arousal. Stokols et al. suggested that driver expectations and experience mediate commuting skills.
Administration, Scoring and Interpretation
- Target Population: The DBI is typically administered to drivers of varying ages, from young adults to older populations, to assess driving-related behaviors and tendencies.
- Format: The inventory is a self-report questionnaire, usually containing a set of questions or statements about driving behavior, which participants rate on a Likert scale (e.g., from “strongly disagree” to “strongly agree”).
- Dimensions: The DBI measures several key dimensions of driving behavior:
- Aggression: Includes instances of road rage or hostile driving behavior.
- Errors: Involves unintentional mistakes while driving.
- Violations: Intentional breaches of driving rules.
- Risk-Taking: Tendency to engage in risky driving maneuvers.
- Stress/Anxiety: Emotional and cognitive responses to driving-related stressors.
- Administration Time: The DBI takes approximately 20-30 minutes to complete.
- Usage Context: The DBI is widely used in both clinical and research settings. It can be administered by psychologists, driving instructors, or researchers focused on road safety and driving behavior.
Reliability and Validity
The Driving Behaviour Inventory has been shown to have high internal consistency and test-retest reliability across its dimensions. Studies indicate that the DBI can reliably differentiate between safe and risky drivers, providing valuable insights into individual differences in driving behavior.
In terms of validity, the DBI has demonstrated strong construct validity by correlating with other measures of driving performance and personality traits associated with risk-taking, such as sensation seeking and impulsivity. It has been extensively validated across different populations, ensuring that it is suitable for a wide range of drivers.
Available Versions
Multiple-Items
Reference
Glendon, A. I., Dorn, L., Matthews, G., Gulian, E., Davies, D. R., & Debney, L. M. (1993). Reliability of the driving behaviour inventory. Ergonomics, 36(6), 719-726.
Important Link
Scale File:
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What is the Driving Behaviour Inventory (DBI)?
A: The DBI is a psychological assessment tool designed to evaluate different aspects of driving behavior, including errors, violations, risk-taking, and aggression.
Q: Who can use the DBI?
A: The DBI is suitable for drivers of all ages and is commonly used in research, occupational settings, and road safety interventions.
Q: How is the DBI administered?
A: The DBI is a self-report questionnaire that typically takes 20-30 minutes to complete, with participants rating their driving behaviors on a Likert scale.
Q: What are the key dimensions measured by the DBI?
A: The DBI assesses aggression, violations, errors, risk-taking, and stress/anxiety in driving behavior.
Q: How reliable is the DBI?
A: The DBI has demonstrated high reliability and validity, making it a robust tool for evaluating driving behavior in various populations.
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