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Active Procrastination Scale
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About Active Procrastination Scale
Scale Name
Active Procrastination Scale
Author Details
Choi, J., & Moran, S.
Translation Availability
Not Sure
Background/Description
The Active Procrastination Scale (APS), developed by Choi and Moran (2009), was designed to measure procrastination as a strategic and intentional behavior. Unlike traditional views on procrastination, which associate it with negative outcomes, active procrastination is understood as a positive form of delaying tasks under the belief that the pressure of a closer deadline will lead to better performance. The APS provides a structured way to distinguish active procrastinators from passive ones, recognizing that some individuals intentionally delay tasks and still meet deadlines effectively.
Administration, Scoring and Interpretation
- Introduce the APS to participants as a measure of procrastination behavior that examines both intentional and unintentional delay.
- This self-report scale is typically administered individually and is suitable for diverse settings, including academic, workplace, and clinical environments.
- Participants rate their agreement with items describing attitudes, behaviors, and beliefs about task completion and time management.
- The APS uses a Likert scale ranging from strong disagreement to strong agreement.
Reliability and Validity
- Reliability: The APS has demonstrated strong internal consistency, showing high reliability across various studies and samples.
- Validity: The scale has established construct validity, showing meaningful correlations with measures of task performance, time management, and productivity.
Available Versions
Multiple-Items
Reference
Choi, J. N., & Moran, S. V. (2009). Why not procrastinate? Development and validation of a new active procrastination scale. The Journal of social psychology, 149(2), 195-212.
Important Link
Scale File:
Frequently Asked Questions
What does the APS measure?
The APS measures active procrastination, which involves intentional delay with the expectation of enhanced performance under time pressure.
Who can benefit from using the APS?
The APS benefits students, employees, managers, and clinicians aiming to understand and improve task management and productivity.
How does the APS differ from other procrastination scales?
Unlike traditional procrastination scales, the APS focuses on proactive delay and recognizes situations where delay may enhance motivation and outcomes.
Is the APS applicable across cultures?
While the APS has been widely used in diverse contexts, further cross-cultural validation studies are recommended.
Can the APS help in developing better time management skills?
Yes, the APS helps identify individuals who thrive under pressure, which can inform personalized time management strategies.
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