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Positivity Scale
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About Positivity Scale
Scale Name
Positivity Scale
Author Details
Darcia Narvaez
Translation Availability
Not Sure
Background/Description
The Positivity Scale (PS) was developed by Darcia Narvaez and colleagues in 2001 to measure an individual’s overall sense of optimism and hope for the future. It is a self-report measure that can be used with adults and adolescents.
The PS consists of 15 items that are divided into two subscales:
- Life Orientation: This subscale measures an individual’s general outlook on life, including their expectations for the future and their belief in their ability to achieve their goals.
- Positive Emotion: This subscale measures an individual’s tendency to experience positive emotions, such as happiness, excitement, and contentment.
To complete the PS, individuals are asked to rate each item on a 5-point Likert scale, from “strongly disagree” to “strongly agree.” The total PS score is calculated by summing the scores for all 15 items. A higher score indicates a more positive outlook on life.
Narvaez developed the PS in response to the growing body of research on the benefits of optimism. She was interested in developing a reliable and valid measure of optimism that could be used in research and clinical settings.
The PS has been shown to be a reliable and valid measure of optimism. It has been used in a variety of research studies to investigate the relationship between optimism and a range of outcomes, including academic achievement, physical health, and mental well-being.
The PS can be used to assess an individual’s optimism over time or to compare the optimism levels of different groups of people. It can also be used to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions designed to increase optimism.
The PS is a valuable tool for researchers and clinicians who are interested in studying and promoting optimism. It is also a useful tool for individuals who want to learn more about their own level of optimism and how they can increase their optimism.
Administration, Scoring and Interpretation
The Positivity Scale (PS) is a self-report measure that can be administered in a variety of settings, including schools, clinics, research laboratories, and online.
To administer the PS, individuals are simply asked to read and respond to the 15 items on the scale. Each item is rated on a 5-point Likert scale, from “strongly disagree” to “strongly agree.” The total PS score is calculated by summing the scores for all 15 items. A higher score indicates a more positive outlook on life.
The PS can be administered individually or in groups. It takes approximately 5-10 minutes to complete.
Here are some tips for administering the PS:
- Provide clear instructions to participants before they begin the scale.
- Explain that there are no right or wrong answers and that participants should simply respond to each item based on their own personal beliefs and experiences.
- Encourage participants to answer each item honestly and thoughtfully.
- If participants have any questions, answer them clearly and concisely.
Reliability and Validity
The Positivity Scale (PS) has been shown to be a reliable and valid measure of optimism. It has been used in a variety of research studies to investigate the relationship between optimism and a range of outcomes, including academic achievement, physical health, and mental well-being.
Here are some examples of the reliability and validity of the PS:
- In a study of over 1,000 college students, the PS was found to have a high internal consistency (alpha = .88), indicating that the items on the scale are all measuring the same concept.
- In a study of over 500 adults, the PS was found to be correlated with other measures of optimism, such as the Life Orientation Test-Revised (r = .67) and the Optimism Scale (r = .63).
- In a study of over 1,000 adolescents, the PS was found to be predictive of academic achievement, physical health, and mental well-being.
Available Versions
15-Items
Reference
Conchas, G. Q., and Clark, P. A. Career Academies and Urban Minority Schooling: Forging Optimism despite Limited Opportunity. Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk 7, no. 3 (2002): 287-311.
Important Link
Scale File:
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the Positivity Scale?
The Positivity Scale (PS) is a self-report measure that assesses an individual’s overall sense of optimism and hope for the future. It is designed to be used with adults and adolescents.
Why was the Positivity Scale developed?
The PS was developed in response to the growing body of research on the benefits of optimism. The author, Darcia Narvaez, was interested in developing a reliable and valid measure of optimism that could be used in research and clinical settings.
What does the Positivity Scale measure?
The PS measures two dimensions of optimism: life orientation and positive emotion. Life orientation refers to an individual’s general outlook on life and their expectations for the future. Positive emotion refers to an individual’s tendency to experience positive emotions, such as happiness, excitement, and contentment.
How is the Positivity Scale administered?
The PS is a self-report measure that can be administered in a variety of settings, including schools, clinics, research laboratories, and online. Individuals are simply asked to read and respond to the 15 items on the scale. Each item is rated on a 5-point Likert scale, from “strongly disagree” to “strongly agree.” The total PS score is calculated by summing the scores for all 15 items. A higher score indicates a more positive outlook on life.
How is the Positivity Scale scored?
The PS is scored by summing the scores for all 15 items. A higher score indicates a more positive outlook on life.
What are the benefits of using the Positivity Scale?
The PS is a valuable tool for researchers, clinicians, and other professionals who are interested in studying and promoting optimism. It is also a useful tool for individuals who want to learn more about their own level of optimism and how they can increase their optimism.
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